Many very large detonations have been carried out in order to simulate the effects of nuclear weapons on vehicles and other military material. On 3 July 1969, an N1 rocket in the Soviet Union exploded on the launch pad, after a turbopump exploded in one of the engines. At least 42 people were killed, and dozens injured. Japanese officials reported that 94 people died, 604 were injured, and 821 houses were damaged, with 4,425 households in all suffering the effects of the explosions.[34][35]. Some ships nearby caught fire and sank, and hot parts of the ship and tanks were thrown great distances. Volume 4 of Battles and Leaders of the Civil War series p,649 for a larger view of this site, T. Bedford, P. H. A. J. M. van Gelder, 2003, "Safety and reliability: proceedings of the ESREL 2003 European safety and reliability conference", p.1688. On 17 July 1944, in Port Chicago, California, SS E. A. Bryan exploded while loading ammunition bound for the Pacific, with an estimated 4,606 short tons (4,178 t) of high explosive (HE), incendiary bombs, depth charges, and other ammunition. On 11 July 1978, an overloaded tanker truck carrying 23 tons of liquefied propylene crashed and ruptured in Spain, emitting a white cloud of ground-hugging fumes which spread into a nearby campground and discothèque before reaching an ignition source and exploding. [52], On 7 August 1956, seven trucks from the Colombian army, carrying more than 40 tons of dynamite, exploded. The main explosion, involving more than 400 tons of propellant in containers, destroyed hundreds of houses within a few kilometers from the depot and broke windows in cars on the Tirana-Durrës highway. 3,055 crewmen were killed. There were seven detonations in total, the largest being the last. Wreckage was thrown up to 20 miles (30 km), a collier ship one-half mile (800 m) away had its crane blown off and a crew member killed by a fragment weighing 70 pounds (30 kg). 320 were killed instantly, another 390 wounded. Eyewitness reports suggest that HMS Black Prince may also have suffered an explosion as she was lost during the night action with all hands — 857 men. On 19 December 1947, the Liberty class cargo ship "General Vatutin" exploded in the Soviet port of Magadan at Nagayeva Bay on the Russian Far East. [80][81], Around 5:45 am local time on 11 July 2011, a fire at a munitions dump at Evangelos Florakis Naval Base near Zygi, Cyprus, caused the explosion of 98 cargo containers holding various types of munitions. 12 people died and 15 were severely injured. Great damage was caused. On 22 March 2007, a series of explosions over 2.5 hours rocked the Mozambican capital of Maputo. boiling liquid expanding vapour explosions, Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes, Faversham explosives industry § The Great Explosion, National Shell Filling Factory, Chilwell § The 1918 explosion, Chemical Industries of Ethylene Oxide explosion, List of accidents and disasters by death toll, List of accidents and incidents involving transport or storage of ammunition, "Hellburners Were the Renaissance's Tactical Nukes", "The Blast that nearly destroyed Beijing - The World of Chinese", "Fort Gadsden and the "Negro Fort" on the Apalachicola", Das Erdbeben und die Pulverexplosion auf Rhodus im Herbst 1856, "The East River is Cleaner Now. Whether a blaze occurs naturally and wipes out everything for 10 miles, or a man-made explosion blows up a house, it’s always fun to blow stuff up.Horrible explosions happen more often than you’d think, and the really crazy explosions tend to happen with little to no warning. The resulting explosion from the Tsar Bomba was the equivalent of 50 megatons of TNT. 581 died, over 5,000 injured. On December 28, 1944, while transporting ammunition to Mindoro, Philippines, the Liberty ship SS John Burke was hit by a Japanese kamikaze aircraft, and disintegrated in a tremendous explosion with the loss of all hands.[43]. Another 429 short tons (389 t) waiting on nearby rail cars also exploded. A small tsunami arose in the river, the ground shook for kilometres around and a large, dark cloud covered the area. It would require about 250 MOAB blasts to equal the Halifax explosion (2.9 kt). The fire rapidly spread through the wooden structure of the main factory. [30] This event inspired Karel Čapek to write the novel Krakatit (1922). She exploded on 7 March 1913, killing over 30, injuring about 60, and destroying a tugboat and two barges. The Dutch launched four large hellburners (explosive fire ships filled with gunpowder and rocks) to destroy the bridge and thereby isolate the city from reinforcement. Finally, during the confused night actions in the early hours of 1 June, the German pre-dreadnought SMS Pommern was hit by one, or possibly two, torpedoes from the British destroyer HMS Onslaught, which detonated one of Pommern's 17-centimetre (6.7 in) gun magazines. Several hundred people were injured. On 2 July 1918, a munitions factory near Syracuse, New York, exploded after a mixing motor in the main TNT building overheated. 15 of the Japanese Imperial Army's Kinya ammunition dump in Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, suffered a catastrophic explosion, the sound of which could be heard throughout the Keihan area. No one knows exactly what caused the explosions, but they occurred in a warehouse that contained hazardous and flammable chemicals, including calcium carbide, sodium cyanide, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrate, so that probably had something to do with it. [31] Halifax historian Jay White in 1994 concluded "Halifax Harbour remains unchallenged in overall magnitude as long as five criteria are considered together: number of casualties, force of blast, radius of devastation, quantity of explosive material, and total value of property destroyed.". There have been many extremely large explosions, accidental and intentional, caused by modern high explosives, boiling liquid expanding vapour explosions (BLEVEs), older explosives such as gunpowder, volatile petroleum-based fuels such as petrol, and other chemical reactions. The Battle of the Crater during the Siege of Petersburg, Virginia, DuPont Powder Mill explosion, Fontanet, Indiana, DuPont Powder Mill Explosion, Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin, T. A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant explosion, "General Vatutin" cargo ship explosion in Magadan, Russia, Intelsat 708 Long March 3B launch failure, 2005 Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal fire, 2016 San Pablito Market fireworks explosion, Comparison with large non-nuclear military ordnance, Conventional explosions for nuclear testing, Largest accidental artificial non-nuclear explosions by magnitude.
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